This evoked his interest in theories relating to perception. The theory on Gestalt psychology is the basis on which human beings understand and react to the world around them. Max Wertheimer was the pioneer of Gestalt psychology. It is due to this prestige that he exercised huge influence over other facets of psychology involving the theories of perception, sensation and experimental psychology.
The consequences have been far-reaching in the work of the last three decades, and are likely to expand in the future. Structuralism focused on disintegrating mental thoughts and processes into small parts whereas Gestalt psychology focuses on mental processes and thoughts as a whole so the holistic approach was adopted by Gestalt psychology.
The Gestalt school of psychology founded by Max Wertheimer gave emergence to Gestalt laws of perceptual organization. Thus, apparent movement cannot be understood if one knows only the "stills" by which it is produced; nor can the form of a circle, the peacefulness of a landscape, the sternness of a command, the inevitability of a conclusion be understood from a knowledge of independent elements.
Here whole properties are primary, and the characteristics of parts are derived from the dynamics of their wholes. Wertheimer became a lecturer in Frankfurt in Later he went to Berlin and in returned to Frankfurt as professor. All this time he was developing his ideas and influencing students who themselves became distinguished psychologists.
Although he preferred the spoken to the written word as a vehicle for communication, he wrote some notable articles applying the new approach "from above" to the organization of the perceptual field and to the nature of thinking. Just before the German elections in , Wertheimer heard a speech by Hitler over a neighbor's radio. He decided that he did not want his family to live in a country where such a man could run, with likelihood of success, for the highest office in the land; and the next day the family moved to Marienbad, Czechoslovakia.
He resumed his studies of thinking, completing his major work, Productive Thinking, a highly original and penetrating examination of the processes that occur in thinking at its best. His household was known to be intellectual and Max was first educated by both of his parents. He was able to engage in political discussions and was at educated in playing the piano and violin.
He attended the private elementary school and graduated at the age of ten. Max Wertheimer started his law studies at Charles University , where he also explored studied philosophy , music , physiology , and psychology. At the University of Berlin , he then shifted his studies to philosophy. His seminars there influenced numerous American scientists and made a decisive contribution to the spread of Gestalt Theory in the USA.
Max Wertheimer became one of the founding members of Gestalt psychology. Wertheimer studied theories relating to perception in his early career. Gestalt, in the closest English definition of the term, is translated potentially as configuration, form, holistic, structure, and pattern. According to Gestalt psychology, perception is a whole. In this sense, perception can shape vision and the other senses. Gestalt theory was the outcome of concrete investigations in psychology, logic, and epistemology.
The prevailing situation at the time of its origin may be briefly sketched as follows. We go from the world of everyday events to that of science, and not unnaturally assume that in making this transition we shall gain a deeper and more precise understanding of essentials. Max Wertheimer began the formal founding of Gestalt psychology in as he began experiments on the phi phenomenon.
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