They work by increasing the amount of serotonin in your brain, which has a mood-boosting effect. SSRIs include:. The drawback to the non-addictive anxiety medications, SSRIs, is that they take four to six weeks of building up in your system before you feel the full effects.
Possible side effects of SSRIs are:. Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are better for disorders like generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Regulating both of these has a strong, positive effect on mood. Examples are:. Hydroxyzine is a fast-acting drug that is very effective in treating anxiety temporarily. It sometimes has the side effect of sedation, but this wears off the longer you take it.
Hydroxyzine works by blocking the histamine receptor. This non-addictive anxiety medication is similar to an SSRI in that it increases chemical messengers involving serotonin. Buspar only targets one subtype of the serotonin receptor, so it affects just one specific area of your brain. When SSRIs target more receptors, there are more side effects. Because Buspar targets one, you get fewer side effects. It does also take the same amount of time as an SSRI to feel the effects.
Side effects you might experience include:. These non-addictive anxiety medications temporarily relieve anxiety symptoms, such as shaking and rapid heart rate. They do so by blocking the effects of adrenaline, or epinephrine.
Epinephrine is a hormone that creates anxiety in your fight-or-flight response. Medically Reviewed. Antidepressants Benzodiazepines Buspirone Hydroxyzine Beta-blockers Within each of these categories, there are subgroups of drugs that work differently and have their own benefits, risks, and possible side effects.
According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, antidepressants are often used as the first line of treatment. In particular, SSRIs , or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, are the kind of antidepressant that is most often prescribed.
They make serotonin , a neurotransmitter that helps maintain mood, become more available to the brain. These medications often take four to six weeks, or longer, to be fully effective.
Examples of SSRIs include:. Examples of SNRIs include:. Some people respond better to some antidepressants rather than others. You may need to try a few different medications before you find one that works for you.
Benzodiazepines help relieve anxiety by enhancing the activity of a neurotransmitter in the brain and generating a sedative effect.
They work quickly, and can relieve anxiety for several hours. They are usually prescribed for those with generalized anxiety disorder , panic disorder , and social anxiety disorder. Because they work so quickly, and because people taking them can build up a tolerance that leaves them needing higher doses to feel better, doctors will prescribe them for very short periods of time — usually no more than a month.
Unfortunately, people can become addicted to benzodiazepines, even in a short period of time. If you stop taking them suddenly, withdrawal symptoms may occur, so it's important to follow your doctor's instructions for tapering off your medication. Commonly prescribed benzodiazepines include:. Side effects of buspirone may include:. Anxiety disorders often develop from a complex set of risk factors. The risk factors may include exposure to trauma, certain medical problems like thyroid disease or heart disease, stress due to a severe illness and other mental health disorders like depression.
The use or misuse of drugs and alcohol can worsen symptoms of anxiety. Your primary care provider is the best place to start that journey. Benzodiazepines also treat severe muscle spasms, tremors and acute seizures.
Benzodiazepines, such as Xanax and Klonopin, provide rapid relief from a panic attack. Providers may also prescribe them to prevent cases of acute anxiety like those stemming from a plane ride, for those with a fear of flying, or the moments leading up to a surgery.
Unlike other anti-anxiety medications, benzodiazepines are controlled substances. You can develop a tolerance to benzodiazepines and a dependence to them over time. Additionally, trying to suddenly stop taking a benzodiazepine can cause life-threatening withdrawal that may include seizures. For these reasons, providers typically prescribe benzodiazepines at low doses for limited amounts of time.
Buspirone may help patients think more clearly and relax with less worry. It may also help anxiety symptoms like irritableness, sweating and trouble sleeping. Alonzo cautions about consuming alcohol and grapefruit or grapefruit juice when taking buspirone. Common side effects of buspirone may include dizziness, nervousness, drowsiness and lightheadedness.
Hydroxyzine, also known under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril, is an antihistamine that has an effect on regulating the chemicals in your brain, which helps control anxiety on a short-term basis.
These medications have a calming effect on the brain, and providers may prescribe it prior to a surgery to ease nerves and help sleep. The effects of hydroxyzine can happen quickly, unlike buspirone, which may take time to become effective.
Hydroxyzine and buspirone are not controlled substances. They also do not cause tolerance, dependence or withdrawal.
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